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Andreas, Michaelis
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article
Preparation and characterization of CVD-TiN-coated carbon fibers for applications in metal matrix composites
Abstract
"Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon fibers (CF/Al-MMC) are promising materials for lightweightapplications. So far the application has been hindered by a lack of wettability of carbon fibers by aluminumalloys and detrimental reactions like aluminum carbide (Al4C3) formation. Protective coatings preparedby chemical vapor deposition (CVD) could be a suitable way to overcome these problems. In this work carbonfiber based 3D-textile preforms were coated with titanium nitride (TiN). Coating thickness, homogeneity, layerstructure and composition were determined. Furthermore oxidation resistance and tensile strength of coatedfibers were investigated. The wettability by molten aluminum combined with an interface analysis is examinedon TiN-coated graphite substrates. Finally the quality of MMC parts prepared by gas pressure infiltration (GPI)method is evaluated. The CVD process was performed with a gas mixture of TiCl4, N2 and H2. A homogeneouscoating was achieved at moderate deposition temperatures in the range from 800° to 850 °C and by proper adjustmentof further process parameters as TiCl4 concentration and total pressure. A very thin TiN layer with athickness between 30 nm and 35 nm improves the oxidation resistance and results in a moderate decrease ofthe tensile strength. TiN improves the wettability and acts as a protective coating. However because of thelong infiltration time in the GPI process, interface reactions occur. SEM investigations of TiN coated 3D-textilepreforms infiltrated with AlSi9Cu3 alloy (226D) show a completely dense composite with a strong reduction ofthe Al4C3 formation. TiN offers a good protective effect if the contact time with the melt is not too long."