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Seebergh, Jill
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document
Polymeric coatings with reduced ice adhesion
Abstract
The build-up of ice on power lines, buildings, wind turbines, aircraft, refrigeration units, air conditioning and signs can significantly impair performance and impact safety due to factors such as added weight on the structure and changes in airflow over the structure.Current techniques to control the accretion and adhesion of ice on aircraft and other surfaces are often weight and energy-intensive and may have negative environmental implications, such as from the use of glycol-based anti-icing and deicing fluids.Durable coatings which can reduce ice adhesion sufficiently to allow passive removal of ice (such as by wind on power lines, or movement of wind turbine blades) would allow the design of more robust and energy-efficient ice protection systems. Hydrophobic polymers which reduce the adhesion of ice when applied to surfaces have been developed.Two approaches were investigated: siloxane-urethane/ urea copolymer networks, and F-POSS-siloxane containing coatings. These coatings were applied onto aluminium substrates using conventional industrial spray techniques.Ice adhesion of coated substrates was measured via an Instron Universal Testing Machine in an environmental chamber at -20°C.Coated surfaces with reduced ice adhesion compared to commercially available polyurethane and polysiloxane coatings were obtained. The structure-property relationships of siloxane-urethane and siloxane-urea copolymer networks were investigated.Molecular weight (cross-link density), siloxane content, functional group, polyol content and solvent selection were investigated, and the effect on ice adhesion and surface properties (including surface energy, hardness, gloss, and roughness) was determined.Analysis of the surface with elemental mapping techniques EDS and XPS indicated the conditions for efficient migration of low energy components to the surface. The molecular weight of the siloxane and the concentration of siloxane were found to be the most important influence on the final polymer coating properties.