• Busch, Benjamin
• Ölmez, Jasemin

Abstract

CO2-emissions result in global warming due to combustion of energy carriers such as coal, oil, gas, wood and peat (hydrocarbons), supplemented by other anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (CH4, N2O,F-gases etc.) due to agriculture and technical processes. CO2-poor energy converters may reduce emissions if competitive technologies are available on the global market such as wind- and photovoltaic (PV) plants with associated seasonal storage sites, nuclear energy, as well as carbon capture, storage (CCS) or utilization (CCU) technologies. Any energy conversion is associated with an energy loss and reduced efficiency.Favored energy plants for electricity generation from fluctuating wind speed and insolation have a low energy density and a higher raw materialand land consumption. The required raw materials for the energy- and mobility transition must be mined because the required volume is not available from recycling. Thus, climate, energy transition and rawmaterial availability are related. Without the availability of raw materials, new wind- and PV-plants, batteries and electrolyzers cannot be built. This article addresses selected aspects to highlight the global and national challenges, without claiming to be exhaustive. The global impact of anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere stands vis-à-vis national measures impacting society and economy.

Topics

• density
• impedance spectroscopy
• Carbon
• energy density
• mobility
• combustion
• wood