| People | Locations | Statistics |
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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Yrjas, Patrik
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Topics
Publications (13/13 displayed)
- 2024Analytical and applied pyrolysis of challenging biomass feedstockscitations
- 2024Analytical and applied pyrolysis of challenging biomass feedstocks:Effect of pyrolysis conditions on product yield and compositioncitations
- 2023Cold-end corrosion caused by hygroscopic ammonium chloride in thermal conversion of biomass and wastecitations
- 2021Formation of NH4Cl and its role on cold-end corrosion in CFB combustion
- 2021Superheater deposits and corrosion in temperature gradient – Laboratory studies into effects of flue gas composition, initial deposit structure, and exposure timecitations
- 2020Application of bipolar electrochemistry to accelerate dew point corrosion for screening of steel materials for power boilerscitations
- 2018Experimental and modeling approaches to simulate temperature-gradient induced intradeposit chemical processes with implications for biomass boiler corrosion
- 2017The effect of temperature on the formation of oxide scales regarding commercial superheater steelscitations
- 2017The influence of flue gas temperature on lead chloride induced high temperature corrosioncitations
- 2017Causes of low-temperature corrosion in combustion of bituminous coal
- 2014Changes in Composition of Superheater Deposits due to Temperature Gradients
- 2012High temperature corrosion of boiler waterwalls induced by chlorides and bromides. Part 2:Lab-scale corrosion tests and thermodynamic equilibrium modeling of ash and gaseous speciescitations
- 2011Performance of superheater materials in simulated oxy-fuel combustion conditions at 650°C
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document
Formation of NH4Cl and its role on cold-end corrosion in CFB combustion
Abstract
There is an increased demand to operate CFB boilers at various loads to cope with changes in energy demand. The combination of load changes and the use of additives to mitigate emissions has been shown to have dramatic effects on coldend deposits and corrosion. Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) may form in the coldend of the flue gas channel if NH3 and HCl are present in the flue gases. During low load operation of a CFB boiler, some NH3 released from the fuel nitrogen in the furnace may remain unreacted in the cooled flue gases. Furthermore, an NH3 slip may form when using ammonia injection for NOX mitigation. Ammonium chloride can cause corrosion and deposit build-up in the cold-end, e.g. corrosion of economizers, air-preheaters, and flue gas cleaning equipment. In this work, the conditions where NH4Cl is stable were determined by thermodynamic calculations. The hygroscopic properties of NH4Cl was determined in controlled conditions with<br/>a chronoamperometric setup for flue gas conditions to evaluate the corrosiveness of the salt at lower temperatures. Additionally, corrosion experiments with NH4Cl on carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel were performed at 80-160 °C. SEM-EDX analyses of the corrosion products were performed to understand the corrosion mechanism. The results of this work can be used to optimize material temperatures and avoid corrosion caused by NH4Cl.<br/>