• Rahimah, Embong
• Nasir, Shafiq
• Kusbiantoro, Andri

Abstract

Biomass-waste generated from agricultural based industry and Portland cement production processare known to produce negative impacts to the environment quality in which they are situated.However, there is a prospective chance to recycle agricultural waste and convert it into cementreplacements material with consideration of several processing methods to activate its pozzolanicreactivity. Role of a pozzolan in improving the properties of cementitious product relies on theadditional reaction in cementitious system to form Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) structure.Generally, this by-product is converted into reactive ash by incinerating it in high temperature. Theconversion of silica ash into gel forms results in further investigation of novel processing method toprepare silica gel that would result in the better control of micro-porous structure, thermalperformance, and adsorption level of this pozzolanic product. This article reviews on the recentprogress of synthesis of silica gel that encompassing its material background, production processes,applications, and gelification procedure. The article also discusses the integration of several main byproducts, e.g. oil shale ash, geothermal sludge, and rice husk ash (RHA) into the production of silicagel. Considering its effect to the environment quality, application of silica ash in a gel form aspozzolanic materials in concrete is capable to constitute a new effort in material recyclability andsustainability.

Topics

• porous
• impedance spectroscopy
• extraction
• reactive
• cement
• Calcium