• Tsupari, Eemeli
• Arasto, Antti
• Kärki, Janne

Abstract

A full chain assessment of carbon capture and storage(CCS) applications for iron and steel industry was donein order to screen technology options and build adevelopment pathway to low carbon steelmaking to preparefor future carbon constrained world. A techno-economicassessment of application of CCS in iron and steelindustry and ship transportation of CO2 to permanentstorage with different technologies was made to createknowledge basis for largest steel mill in NorthernEurope. The assessment further leads to estimation ofpotential and wider implications of applying CCS to ironand steel industry. Different technological possibilitiesand the feasibility of applying carbon capture at anintegrated steel mill based on blast furnace process, inorder to reduce carbon dioxide emissions of a steel millsite were studied. Technologies considered for capturingof CO2 are post-combustion carbon capture (PCC),pre-combustion capture in connection to blast furnacefired gas turbine and oxygen blast furnace route (OBF).Implications of different capture amounts, differentsolvents for post-combustion capture and processintegration levels to the greenhouse gas balance andoperation economics are compared to the steel productionbase case with varying costs of CO2 emission allowances.Furthermore the effect of reducing the carbon intensityof steel production on the final steel production cost isevaluated. Carbon capture processes and processintegration options were modeled using Aspen Plus processmodeling software and the results were used to estimateCO2 emission reduction possibilities and carbon abatementcosts at the integrated steel mill from an investor'spoint of view. Costs, different heat integration optionsand heat utilization scenarios were investigated andoptimized with a custom-built CC-SkynetT economicstoolkit. With a whole chain approach, including CO2capture, processing, transport and storage, results showsignificant reduction potential at an integrated steelmill with all carbon capture technologies. Stagedconstruction and implementation of CCS in order tominimize financial investment risk was considered andseveral pathways for implementation were analyzed. Withthe development pathway approach, shared risk due tostaged investments enable lower threshold for going forCCS investments. Different technologies are differentlysuited for the approach and in some cases stagedconstruction can bring financial and emission reductionbenefits already before implementing full chain of CCS

Topics

• Carbon
• Oxygen
• steel
• combustion
• iron