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Barlow, Michael J.
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document
JWST Survey of the Prototypical Core-collapse Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A
Abstract
Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are among the most influential phenomena in the universe, and yet many key questions about their nature and explosive products remain unanswered. This uncertainty has broad implications for the formation and evolution of stellar populations, the metal enrichment of galaxies, and the origin of life. JWST opens new pathways to investigate SNe, and this proposal outlines an interdisciplinary science-enabling survey of the young SN remnant that provides the clearest access to the properties of a core-collapse SN: Cassiopeia A (Cas A). Three critical questions motivate a suite of observations made up of imaging mosaics covering the entire main shell and IFU spectroscopy of select representative locations: What is the total mass, relative chemical yield, and kinematic distribution of various components of the SN ejecta? How much ejecta is transformed into dust and how much of that dust survives passage through the reverse shock? What processes govern the formation and final fate of the remnant compact object? The requested observations exploit JWST's unique ability to 1) provide maps of shocked and un-shocked ejecta that can be directly compared to current SN models; 2) constrain the grain size distribution, clump size, and density contrast of shocked SN dust; and 3) peer deeply enough through high extinction to test hypotheses about the nature of Cas A's central compact object, which is regarded as a key object to understanding neutron star evolution models. The proposed program will serve as an invaluable resource for subsequent JWST cycles and will contribute to the legacy of prior NASA Great Observatories that have all observed Cas A....