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Mohapatra, Subhashree
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article
Are we missing the silver lining of COVID-19 pandemic: An analytical study to determine effects of three COVID-19 peaks on antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates
Abstract
<jats:title>A<jats:sc>BSTRACT</jats:sc></jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p>Given the evolving nature of COVID-19, for better understanding of its effect on antimicrobial resistance of <jats:italic toggle="yes">Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> (<jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic>), it becomes crucial that we follow the resistance patterns across different surges of COVID-19 cases.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>This prospective surveillance study extended over two years from January 2020-March 2022 and was conducted in a healthcare center of North India. Susceptibility patterns of <jats:italic toggle="yes">Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> during January-March 2020 were considered as prepandemic patterns. Processing of clinical specimens, identification of <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic>, and in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed in accordance with standard microbiological testing procedures and Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>Lowest prevalence (38.9%) of Methicillinresistant <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> was reported during January-March 2021 and July-September 2021. More than 50% <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> isolates were susceptible to linezolid, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, and gentamicin in January-March 2020. In January-March 2021, ≥50% of <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> isolates from clinical specimens were additionally susceptible to clindamycin and erythromycin. Antibiotic agents of linezolid, tetracycline, clindamycin, and cotrimoxazole were susceptible in ≥50% of <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> isolates in January-March 2022.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p>This study reveals a sharp decline in overall resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotic agents for <jats:italic toggle="yes">S. aureus</jats:italic> isolates after first peak of COVID-19 cases. However, same trend was not observed in subsequent peaks and probably we are approaching the same resistance levels that were seen prior to COVID-19 pandemic.</jats:p></jats:sec>