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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Petersmann, Sandra
Carinthia University of Applied Sciences
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
Topics
Publications (13/13 displayed)
- 2024Multi-Material Implant Structures with Medical-Grade Polyurethane via Additive Manufacturingcitations
- 2023Statistical-based optimization of fused filament fabrication parameters for short-carbon-fiber-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone considering multiple loading conditionscitations
- 2023Effects of simulated body fluid on the mechanical properties of polycarbonate polyurethane produced via material jettingcitations
- 2023Impact of Multiple Reprocessing on Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Polypropylenecitations
- 2022Mechanical properties of additively manufactured polymeric implant materials in dependence of microstructure, temperature and strain-rate
- 2022Ermüdungsverhalten von 3D-gedrucktem endlosfaserverstärktem Polylactid
- 2022Multimaterial Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing of Compliant Crack Arrestercitations
- 2022Effect of die temperature on the fatigue behaviour of PLA produced by means of fused filament fabrication
- 2022The Effects of Washing and Formaldehyde Sterilization on the Mechanical Performance of Poly(methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Parts Produced by Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing or Material Jettingcitations
- 2021Morphology and Weld Strength of a Semi-Crystalline Polymer Produced via Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing
- 2020Using Compliant Interlayers as Crack Arresters in 3-D-Printed Polymeric Structurescitations
- 2020Processing Conditions of a Medical Grade Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) with the Arburg Plastic Freeforming Additive Manufacturing Processcitations
- 2018Material Development and Modelling of a Thermal Insulation Film in Battery Systems
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article
Impact of Multiple Reprocessing on Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Polypropylene
Abstract
Biobased plastics have the potential to be sustainable, but to explore their circularity further, current end-of-life options need to be broadened. Mechanical recycling is one of the most accepted methods to bring back plastics into the loop. Polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs) are biobased and biodegradable in nature with promising properties and varied applications in the market. This study focuses on their potential for mechanical recycling by multiple extrusion cycles (E1–E5) and multi-faceted characterization of the virgin (V) and reprocessed materials from E1 to E5. The behavior is compared to polypropylene (PP) as a reference with a similar property profile, which has also been reprocessed five times. The thermal properties of both series showed a stable melting point and thermal decomposition temperature from thermal analyses (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)). However, a steady increase in the degree of crystallinity was observed which could counterbalance the decrease in molecular weight due to repeated extrusion measured by gel permeation chromatography and resulted in similar values of tensile strength across the cycles. The strain at break was impacted after the first extrusion, but no significant change was observed thereafter; the same was observed for impact strength. Even in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, virgin and E5 samples appeared similar, showing the stability of morphological characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed that no new groups are being formed even on repeated processing. The deviation between the PHB and PP series was more predominant in the melt mass flow rate (MFR) and rheology studies. There was a drastic drop in the MFR values in PHB from virgin to E5, whereas not much difference was observed for PP throughout the cycles. This observation was corroborated by frequency sweeps conducted with the parallel plate method. The viscosity dropped from virgin to E1 and E2, but from E3 to E5 it presented similar values. This was in contrast to PP, where all the samples from virgin to E5 had the same values of viscosity. This paper highlights the possibilities of mechanical recycling of PHB and explains why future work with the addition of virgin material and other additives is an area to be explored.