• Sengstock, Christina
• Ziegler, Nadine
• Mai, Viola
• Schildhauer, Thomas Armin
• Köller, Manfred
• Ludwig, Alfred

Abstract

Cell-compatible and antibacterial surfaces are needed for implants, which frequently have complex and rough surfaces. Bio-inspired columnar nanostructures can be grown on flat substrates; however, the application of these nanostructures on clinically relevant, complex, and rough surfaces was pending. Therefore, a titanium plasma spray (TPS) implant surface was coated with titanium nano-spikes via glancing angle magnetron sputter deposition (GLAD) at room temperature. Using GLAD, it was possible to cover the three-dimensional, highly structured macroscopic surface (including cavities, niches, clefts, and curved areas) of the TPS homogeneously with nano-spikes (TPS+), creating a cell-compatible and antibacterial surface. The adherence and spreading of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were similar for TPS and TPS+ surfaces. However, MSC adherent to TPS+ expressed less and shorter pseudopodia. The induced osteogenic response of MSC was significantly increased in cells cultivated on TPS+ compared with TPS. In addition, Gram-negative bacteria \( {(E. coli)}\) adherent to the nano-spikes were partly destructed by a physico-mechanical mechanism; however, Gram-positive bacteria \( {(S. aureus)}\) were not significantly damaged.

Topics

• Deposition
• surface
• laser emission spectroscopy
• titanium