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Loke, Chi Kang
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article
Non-Destructive Evaluation of Mortar with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Blended Cement Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
Abstract
<p>Non-destructive evaluation using ultrasonic pulse velocity (V<sub>p</sub>) testing has extensive applications in the concrete industry. With advances in construction technology, the use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as a partial replacement to cement in a concrete mix is growing in popularity primarily because it reduces the initial capital cost of raw materials and the associated energy costs. This paper investigates the effect of the water-to-cement (w<sub>c</sub>) ratio and the cement content replaced by GGBFS on the development with time of the ultimate compressive strength ((Formula presented.)) and the compression wave velocity (V<sub>p</sub>) of mortar. The results showed that in the case of mortar with higher percentages of GGBFS replacement (where nucleation surfaces are more abundant), increasing w<sub>c</sub> can increase (Formula presented.) but cause a decrease in V<sub>p</sub>. The posterior hydration process is highly dependent upon the water particles in the mixture after the first stage of hydration. After 7 days of curing, experimental results show that the (Formula presented.) of slag blended cement mix design w<sub>c</sub> ratio of 0.6 surpassed the (Formula presented.) value of an Ordinary Portland cement. A regression model correlating the (Formula presented.) and V<sub>p</sub> of slag blended mortar is developed, which can be used to predict (Formula presented.) at concrete ages ranging from 1 day to 28 days for mixes with GGBFS percentage replacement values ranging from 15% to 45%.</p>