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Kinsella, M.
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document
In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Microtomography of Progressive Damage in Canted Notched Cross-Ply Composites with Interlaminar Nanoreinforcement
Abstract
In this study, the effects on 3D strengthening and toughening mechanisms of interlaminar nanoreinforcement (termed ‘nanostitch’ here, achieved by embedding highly dense forests of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes in polymer-rich ply/ply interfaces) are studied qualitatively and quantitatively via 4D progressive damage in carbon (micro) fiber reinforced plastic/polymer (CFRP) composite laminates by implementing in situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) of delamination-prone cross-ply double edge-notched tension (DENT) configurations (scaled-down specimen geometry) via semi-automatic (human-driven) damage segmentation. A 20°-canted loading rig fixture was also designed, fabricated, and employed here to enable clear imaging of features that are typically blurred due to their alignment with the X-ray beam (e.g., 90° lamina-based features). SRCT here was performed at beamline 47XU (BL47XU) of the Super Photon ring-8 GeV (SPring-8) facility in Japan. Intermediate-thickness-ply laminates (2× thicker ply vs. thin-ply, similar to conventional aerospace-grade unidirectional plies) exhibit no change in DENT ultimate tensile strength for baseline vs. nanostitched configurations, explained mechanistically by an observed progressive damage mode transition from notch-blunting inter-and intra-laminar matrix damage-dominated (typical of thicker-ply laminates in literature) to brittle fiber breakage-and diffuse matrix damage-dominated (typical of thinner-ply laminates in literature). Thin-ply and thick-ply laminates have been tested similarly, showing significant strength increase in the nanostitched thick-ply (3× thicker ply vs. thin-ply) configuration, which will be the subject of future work. These findings contribute new CFRP failure insights, which can guide and inform mechanical enhancement approaches fundamental to eliciting synergistic latency in hybrid/hierarchical laminates, as well as advance currently limited modeling.