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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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Molenberghs, Geert
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
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article
Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in student residences: a case-ascertained study
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the overall secondary attack rates (SAR) of COVID-19 in student residences and to identify risk factors for higher transmission.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analysed the SAR in living units of student residences which were screened in Leuven (Belgium) following the detection of a COVID-19 case. Students were followed up in the framework of a routine testing and tracing follow-up system. We considered residence outbreaks followed up between October 30th 2020 and May 25th 2021. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the impact of delay to follow-up, shared kitchen or sanitary facilities, the presence of a known external infection source and the recent occurrence of a social gathering. We used a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) for validation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>We included 165 student residences, representing 200 residence units (N screened residents = 2324). Secondary transmission occurred in 68 units which corresponded to 176 secondary cases. The overall observed SAR was 8.2%. In the GEE model, shared sanitary facilities (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.04) and the recent occurrence of a social gathering (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.003) were associated with a significant increase in SAR in a living unit, which was estimated at 3% (95%CI 1.5-5.2) in the absence of any risk factor and 13% (95%CI 11.4-15.8) in the presence of both. The GLMM confirmed these findings.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Shared sanitary facilities and the occurrence of social gatherings increase the risk of COVID-19 transmission and should be considered when screening and implementing preventive measures.</jats:p></jats:sec>