• Chisholm, Samuel
• Taskovic, Tina
• Martin-Maher, Sasha
• Floras, Claire
• Black, William
• Tuul, Kenneth
• Dahn, Jeff
• Clarke, Alison
• Lust, Enn

Abstract

Single crystal NMC640/artificial graphite cells balanced for low voltage operation (≤4.1 V) and using electrolyte salts rich in lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide are demonstrated to have exceptional lifetime during continuous operation at 100°C. Cells tested to an upper cutoff voltage of 4.0 V retained &gt;80% of their original capacity for 600 cycles and 4300 hours at 100°C and 1200 cycles and 1 year cycling to 3.9 V at 85°C. The cells exhibited minimal gassing, no transition metal dissolution from the positive electrode, and no detectable corrosion of the aluminum current collector. Ultra-high precision coulometry measurements from 20 to 100°C suggest an Arrhenius-type relationship for the coulombic inefficiency and capacity fade of these cells. The possibility of exploiting this relationship to project ambient temperature lifetime from high-temperature measurements is suggested. However, cell performance at the highest temperatures is most likely reduced by the permeation of electrolyte through the seals of the pouch cell.</jats:p>

Topics

• impedance spectroscopy
• single crystal
• corrosion
• aluminium
• Lithium
• coulometry