| People | Locations | Statistics |
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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Panajotov, Krassimir
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
Topics
Publications (10/10 displayed)
- 2019Electro-Absorption Modulator vertically integrated on a VCSEL: microstrip-based high-speed electrical injection on top of a BCB layercitations
- 2017Oxide-confined VCSELs fabricated with a simple self-aligned process flowcitations
- 2017Single lithography-step self-aligned fabrication process for Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laserscitations
- 2017Strain induced polarization chaos in a solitary VCSELcitations
- 2016Self-aligned BCB planarization method for high frequency signal injection in a VCSEL with an integrated modulatorcitations
- 2013Polarization Dynamics of VCSELs
- 2012Monitoring of gamma-irradiated Yb-doped optical fibers through pump induce refractive index changes effect
- 2010Photonic crystal vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with true photonic bandgap
- 2007Optimal radii of photonic crystal holes within DBR mirrors in long wavelength VCSEL
- 2002Polarization Behavior of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers under the Influence of In-Plane Anisotropic Strain
Places of action
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document
Self-aligned BCB planarization method for high frequency signal injection in a VCSEL with an integrated modulator
Abstract
The huge increase of datacom capacities requires lasers sources with more and more bandwidth performances. Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSEL) in direct modulation is a good candidate, already widely used for short communication links such as in datacenters. Recently several different approaches have been proposed to further extend the direct modulation bandwidth of these devices, by improving the VCSEL structure, or by combining the VCSEL with another high speed element such as lateral slow light modulator or transistor/laser based structure (T-VCSEL). <br/><br/>We propose to increase the modulation bandwidth by vertically integrating a continuous-wave VCSEL with a high-speed electro-modulator. This vertical structure implies multiple electrodes with sufficiently good electrical separation between the different input electrical signals. This high frequency modulation requires both good electrical insulation between metal electrodes and an optimized design of the coplanar lines. BenzoCyclobutene (BCB) thanks to its low dielectric constant, low losses, low moisture absorption and good thermal stability, is often used as insulating layer. Also, BCB planarization offers the advantages of simpler and more reliable technological process flow in such integrated VCSEL/modulator structures with important reliefs. As described by Burdeaux et al. a degree of planarization (DOP) of about 95% can be achieved by simple spin coating whatever the device thickness. <br/><br/>In most of the cases, the BCB planarization process requires an additional photolithography step in order to open an access to the mesa surface, thus involving a tight mask alignment and resulting in a degraded planarization. <br/><br/>In this paper, we propose a self-aligned process with improved BCB planarization by combining a hot isostatic pressing derived from nanoimprint techniques with a dry plasma etching step.