• Love, Norman D.
• Tseng, Tzuliang Bill
• Rosales, Carlos A. Garcia
• Chavez, Luis A.
• Kim, Hoejin
• Ahsan, Md Ariful
• Islam, Md Didarul
• Renteria, Anabel

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A simple and facile method was developed to fabricate functional bulk barium titanate (BaTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content>) ceramics using the paste extrusion 3D printing technique. The <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> ceramic is a lead‐free ferroelectric material widely used for various applications in sensors, energy storage, and harvesting. There are several traditional methods (eg, tape casting) to process bulk <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> ceramics but they have disadvantages such as difficult handing without shape deformation, demolding, complex geometric shapes, expansive molds, etc. In this research, we utilized the paste extrusion 3D printing technique to overcome the traditional issues and developed printable ceramic suspensions containing <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> ceramic powder, polyvinylidene fluoride (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PVDF</jats:styled-content>), N,N‐dimethylformamide (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">DMF</jats:styled-content>) through simple mixing method and chemical formulation. This <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">PVDF</jats:styled-content> solution erformed multiple roles of binder, plasticizer, and dispersant for excellent manufacturability while providing high volume percent and density of the final bulk ceramic. Based on empirical data, it was found that the maximum binder ratio with good viscosity and retention for desired geometry is 1:8.8, while the maximum <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> content is 35.45 vol% (77.01 wt%) in order to achieve maximum density of 3.93 g/cm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> (65.3%) for 3D printed <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> ceramic. Among different sintering temperatures, it was observed that the sintered <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BT</jats:styled-content> ceramic at 1400°C had highest grain growth and tetragonality which affected high performing piezoelectric and dielectric properties, 200 pC/N and 4730 at 10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> Hz respectively. This paste extrusion 3D printing technique and simple synthesis method for ceramic suspensions are expected to enable rapid massive production, customization, design flexibility of the bulk piezoelectric and dielectric devices for next generation technology.</jats:p>

Topics

• density
• impedance spectroscopy
• grain
• extrusion
• viscosity
• casting
• ceramic
• sintering
• grain growth
• Barium