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Moghaddam, Hatameh Asgari
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article
TiO2–BaTiO3 nanocomposite for electron capture in dye-sensitized solar cells
Abstract
<p>Different compositions of TiO<sub>2</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites are synthesized with various weight ratios for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. TiO<sub>2</sub> and BaTiO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized by sol-gel and solvothermal methods, respectively and are employed as the photoanode electrodes. BaTiO<sub>3</sub> NPs have pure cubic perovskite crystal structure with an average size of 20-40 nm, while TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs show pure anatase phase with 15-30 nm size. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement of the cells is first attained by controlling the thickness of the films for light harvesting improvement. The fabricated DSSC composed of pure BaTiO<sub>3</sub> NPs with an optimal thickness of 25 μm shows efficiency of 6.83%, whereas that made of pure TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs with 14 μm thickness has cell efficiency of 7.24%. Further improvement of cell efficiency is achieved by preparation of binary oxide nanocomposites using TiO<sub>2</sub> and BaTiO<sub>3</sub> NPs with various weight ratios. The highest PCE of 9.40% is obtained for the nanocomposite with TiO<sub>2</sub>:BaTiO<sub>3</sub>=85:15 (wt%). The enhancement is assigned to less recombination of photo-generated electrons and higher incident photon to current conversion yield as a result of rapid charge collection and higher dye sensitization.</p>