• Olivier, Cécile
• Foucault, Louis
• Autret, Awen
• Hubert, Violaine
• Paccalet, Alexandre
• Brun, Emmanuel
• Peyrin, Françoise
• Wiart, Marlene
• Chauveau, Fabien
• Rositi, Hugo
• Ong, Elodie
• Elleaume, Héléne
• Meyronet, David
• Raineteau, Olivier
• Fayard, Barbara
• Crola-Da-Silva, Claire
• Chourrout, Matthieu
• Bolbos, Radu

Abstract

<jats:p>White-matter injury leads to severe functional loss in manyneurological diseases. Myelin staining on histological samples is themost common technique to investigate white-matter fibers. However,tissue processing and sectioning may affect the reliability of 3Dvolumetric assessments. The purpose of this study was to propose anapproach that enables myelin fibers to be mapped in the whole rodentbrain with microscopic resolution and without the need for strenuousstaining. With this aim, we coupled in-line (propagation-based) X-rayphase-contrast tomography (XPCT) to ethanol-induced brain sampledehydration. We here provide the proof-of-concept that this approachenhances myelinated axons in rodent and human brain tissue. Inaddition, we demonstrated that white-matter injuries could be detectedand quantified with this approach, using three animal models: ischemicstroke, premature birth and multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, inanalogy to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we retrieved fiberdirections and DTI-like diffusion metrics from our XPCT data toquantitatively characterize white-matter microstructure. Finally, weshowed that this non-destructive approach was compatible withsubsequent complementary brain sample analysis by conventionalhistology. In-line XPCT might thus become a novel gold-standard forinvestigating white-matter injury in the intact brain. This is Part Iof a series of two articles reporting the value of in-line XPCT forvirtual histology of the brain; Part II shows how in-line XPCT enablesthe whole-brain 3D morphometric analysis of amyloid-<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mml:mi>β<!-- β --></mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math></jats:inline-formula> (A<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mml:mi>β<!-- β --></mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math></jats:inline-formula>) plaques.</jats:p>

Topics

• impedance spectroscopy
• microstructure
• phase
• tomography
• gold
• sectioning
• optical rotatory dispersion