• Wan Ibrahim, Mohd Haziman
• Rahim, Masazurah A.
• Rahman, Raha Abd
• Othman, Nor Hazurina
• Mohammad, Wan Ahmad Soffian Bin Wan

Abstract

This review paper emphasis on various sea shells ash such as cockle, clam, oyster,mollusc, periwinkle, snail, and green mussel shell ash as partial cement replacement and itsobjective is to create sustainable environment and reduce problems of global warming. Cementproduction give huge impact to environment in every stage of its production. These include airpollution in form of dust and, gases, sound and vibration during quarry crushing and milling.One of the solutions to solve this problem is by using modified cement. The modified cementis a cementitious material that meets or exceeds the Portland cement performance bycombining and optimizes the recycle and wasted materials. This will indirectly reduce the useof raw materials and then, become a sustain construction materials. Therefore, the replacementof cement in concrete by various sea shell ash may create tremendous saving of energy andalso leads to important environmental benefits. This study includes previous investigation doneon the properties of chemical and mechanical such as specific gravity, chemical composition,compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete produced using partialreplacement of cement by seashells ash. Results show that the optimum percentage of seashellsas cement replacement is between 4 – 5%.

Topics

• impedance spectroscopy
• grinding
• milling
• strength
• cement
• flexural strength
• chemical composition
• tensile strength