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Qusti, Safaa Y.
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article
An insight into the role of titanium oxide nanofiller on the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric characteristics of PS/PVK composite
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Nanocomposite films made of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) and filled with varying quantities of titanium oxide (TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using the solution casting process. The TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs’ impact on the pure PS/PVK blend’s structural, optical, and conductive properties was investigated and explained. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements indicate that the synthesized TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs’ size ranges between 12 and 32 nm and has a tetragonal anatase phase. The XRD scans also indicate that the PS/PVK filling with TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs decreases the nanocomposite crystallinity. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis shows the main distinctive absorption peaks of PS and PVK, whose intensities changed randomly after filling. Moreover, the highest TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs content showed a new peak at 449 cm<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. The UV/visible measurements showed that the optical energy gaps for the direct and indirect permitted transitions decreased as the TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs content increased. Using impedance spectroscopy at room temperature, the AC electrical conductivity of the PS/PVK mixture containing TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs was investigated over a broad frequency range from 10<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> to 10<jats:sup>7</jats:sup> Hz. It has been shown that the frequency dependence of AC electrical conductivity obeys Jonscher’s rule, and the increase of TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs concentration in the blend induces the formation of a percolating network within the composite. It has also been shown that the composite’s dielectric loss and constant increase with nanoparticle concentration.</jats:p>