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Naji, M. |
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Motta, Antonella |
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Aletan, Dirar |
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Mohamed, Tarek |
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Ertürk, Emre |
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Taccardi, Nicola |
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Kononenko, Denys |
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Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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Bih, L. |
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Casati, R. |
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Muller, Hermance |
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Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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Šuljagić, Marija |
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Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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Azam, Siraj |
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Ospanova, Alyiya |
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Blanpain, Bart |
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Ali, M. A. |
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Popa, V. |
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Rančić, M. |
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Ollier, Nadège |
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Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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Landes, Michael |
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Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Kar-Narayan, Sohini
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
Topics
Publications (16/16 displayed)
- 2024Advanced Materials for Energy Harvesting and Soft Robotics: Emerging Frontiers to Enhance Piezoelectric Performance and Functionality.
- 2023Precursor-Led Grain Boundary Engineering for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in Niobium Strontium Titanate.
- 2023Precursor-Led Grain Boundary Engineering for Superior Thermoelectric Performance in Niobium Strontium Titanatecitations
- 2021Route to High-Performance Micro-solid Oxide Fuel Cells on Metallic Substrates.
- 2020Unprecedented Dipole Alignment in α-phase Nylon-11 Nanowires for High Performance Energy Harvesting Applications
- 2020Time-resolved open-circuit conductive atomic force microscopy for direct electromechanical characterisation.
- 2020Time-resolved open-circuit conductive atomic force microscopy for direct electromechanical characterisationcitations
- 2020Enhanced Piezoelectricity of Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride Fibers for Energy Harvesting.
- 2019Highly sensitive piezotronic pressure sensors based on undoped GaAs nanowire ensemblescitations
- 2019Modified energy harvesting figures of merit for stress- and strain-driven piezoelectric systemscitations
- 2019Au - Ge Alloys for Wide-Range Low-Temperature On-Chip Thermometry
- 2018The effect of crystal structure on the electromechanical properties of piezoelectric Nylon-11 nanowires.
- 2018Fully Printed Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites for Flexible Thermoelectric Applications.
- 2016Template-Assisted Hydrothermal Growth of Aligned Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Applications.
- 2016Vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowires electrodeposited within porous polycarbonate templates for vibrational energy harvesting.
- 2015Energy harvesting performance of piezoelectric ceramic and polymer nanowires.
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article
Time-resolved open-circuit conductive atomic force microscopy for direct electromechanical characterisation
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Studying nanomaterial piezoelectricity and triboelectricity is attractive for energy and sensing applications. However, quantitative characterisation of electromechanical effects in nanomaterials is challenging due to practical limitations and possible combination of effects, resulting in contradicting reports at times. When it comes to piezoelectricity at the nanoscale, piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is the default characterisation tool. In PFM the converse piezoelectric effect is measured - the conversion from electrical signal to mechanical response. However, there is an underlying desire to measure the direct piezoelectric effect - conversion of mechanical deformation to an electrical signal. This corresponds to energy harvesting and sensing. Here we present time-resolved open-circuit conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) as a new methodology to carry out direct electromechanical characterisation. We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that the standard short-circuit cAFM mode is inadequate for piezoelectric characterisation, and that resulting measurements are governed by competing mechanisms. We apply the new methodology to nanowires of GaAs, an important semiconductor, with relatively low piezoelectric coefficients. The results suggest that time-resolved operation distinguishes between triboelectric and piezoelectric signals, and that by measuring the open-circuit voltage rather than short-circuit current, the new methodology allows quantitative characterisation of the vertical piezoelectric coefficient. The result for GaAs nanowires, ∼ 1–3 pm V<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, is in good agreement with existing knowledge and theory. This method represents a significant advance in understanding the coexistence of different electromechanical effects, and in quantitative piezoelectric nanoscale characterisation. The easy implementation will enable better understanding of electromechanics at the nanoscale.</jats:p>