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Nakanishi, Haruyuki
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article
Liquid gallium columns sheathed with carbon
Abstract
<p>It is impossible to fabricate isolated gallium nanomaterials due to the low melting point of Ga (29.8°C) and its high reactivity. We report the bulk synthesis of uniform liquid Ga columns encapsulated into carbon nanotubes through high-temperature chemical reaction between Ga and CH <sub>4</sub>. The diameter of filled Ga liquid columns is ∼25 nm, and their length is up to several micrometers. The thickness of the carbon sheaths is ∼6 nm. Simultaneous condensation of a Ga vapor and carbon clusters results in the generation of Ga-filled carbon nanotubes. A convergent 300 kV electron beam generated in a field emission high-resolution electron microscope is demonstrated to be a powerful tool for delicate manipulation of the liquid Ga nanocolumns: they can be gently joined, cut, and sealed within carbon nanotubes. The self-organization of a carbon sheath during the electron-beam irradiation is discussed. The electron-beam irradiation may also become a decent tool for Ga-filled carbon nanotube thermometer calibration.</p>