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Hamzehpoor, Ehsan
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article
Transformation Between 2D and 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks via Reversible [2+2] Cycloaddition
Abstract
We report the first transformation between crystalline vinylene-linked two-dimensional (2D) polymers and crystalline cyclobutane-linked three-dimensional (3D) polymers. Specifically, absorption-edge irradiation of the 2D poly(arylenevinylene) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) results in topological [2+2] cycloaddition cross-linking the π-stacked layers in 3D COFs. The reaction is reversible and heating to 200°C leads to a cycloreversion while retaining the COF crystallinity. The resulting difference in connectivity is manifested in the change of mechanical and electronic properties, including exfoliation, blue-shifted UV-Vis absorption, altered luminescence, modified band structure and different acid-doping behavior. The Li-impregnated 2D and 3D COFs show a significant ion conductivity of 1.8×10<sup>−4</sup> S/cm and 3.5×10<sup>−5</sup> S/cm, respectively. Even higher room temperature proton conductivity of 1.7×10<sup>-2</sup> S/cm and 2.2×10<sup>-3</sup> S/cm was found for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-treated 2D and 3D COFs, respectively.