| People | Locations | Statistics |
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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Bussy, Cyrill
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Topics
Publications (7/7 displayed)
- 2022Hazard Assessment of Abraded Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Reduced Graphene Oxidecitations
- 2020Splenic Capture and In Vivo Intracellular Biodegradation of Biological-grade Graphene Oxide Sheetscitations
- 2018Immunological impact of graphene oxide sheets in the abdominal cavity is governed by surface reactivitycitations
- 2015Biodegradation of carbon nanohorns in macrophage cells.citations
- 2015Intracellular degradation of chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes using a long-term primary microglial culture modelcitations
- 2014Biodegradation of Graphene Nanocarbons
- 2013Intracellular fate of carbon nanotubes inside murine macrophages: pH-dependent detachment of iron catalyst nanoparticles.citations
Places of action
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article
Splenic Capture and In Vivo Intracellular Biodegradation of Biological-grade Graphene Oxide Sheets
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials, including 2D graphene-based materials (GBM) have shown promising applicability to drug delivery, tissue engineering, diagnostics and various other biomedical areas. However, to exploit the benefits of these materials in some of the areas mentioned, it is necessary to understand their possible toxicological implications and long-term fate in vivo. We previously demonstrated that following intravenous administration, 2D graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are largely excreted via the kidneys, however, a small but significant portion of the material is sequestered in the spleen. Herein, we interrogate the potential consequences of this accumulation and the fate of the spleen-residing GO over a period of nine months. We show that our thoroughly characterized GO materials are not associated with any detectable pathological consequences in the spleen. Using confocal Raman mapping of tissue sections, we determine the sub-organ biodistribution of GO at various time points after administration. The cells largely responsible for taking up the material are confirmed using immunohistochemistry coupled with Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. This combination of techniques identified cells of the splenic marginal zone as the main site of GO bioaccumulation. In addition, through analyses using both bright-field TEM coupled with electron diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy, we reveal direct evidence of in vivo intracellular biodegradation of GO sheets with ultrastructural precision. This work offers critical information about biological processing and degradation of thin graphene oxide sheets by normal mammalian tissue, indicating that further development and exploitation of GO in biomedicine would be possible.