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Barbour, Leonard
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article
Shape-Memory Effect Triggered by π–π Interactions in a Flexible Terpyridine Metal–Organic Framework
Abstract
Shape-memory polymers and alloys are adaptable materials capable of reversing from a deformed, metastable phase to an energetically favored original phase in response to external stimuli. In the context of metal–organic frameworks, the term shape-memory is defined as the property of a switchable framework to stabilize the reopened pore phase after the first switching transition. Herein we describe a novel flexible terpyridine MOF which, upon desolvation, transforms into a nonporous structure that reopens into a shape-memory phase when exposed to CO2 at 195 K. Based on comprehensive in situ experimental studies (SC-XRD and PXRD) and DFT energetic considerations combined with literature reports, we recommend dividing shape-memory MOFs into two categories, viz responsive and nonresponsive, depending on the transformability of the gas-free reopened pore phase into the collapsed phase. Furthermore, considering the methodological gap in discovering and understanding shape-memory porous materials, we emphasize the importance of multicycle physisorption experiments for dynamic open framework materials, including metal–organic and covalent organic frameworks.