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Jackson, David H. K.
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article
Atomic Layer Deposition of Al2O3-Ga2O3 Alloy Coatings for Li[Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2]O2 Cathode to Improve Rate Performance in Li-Ion Battery
Abstract
<p>Metal oxide coatings can improve the electrochemical stability of cathodes and hence, their cycle-life in rechargeable batteries. However, such coatings often impose an additional electrical and ionic transport resistance to cathode surfaces leading to poor charge-discharge capacity at high C-rates. Here, a mixed oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>1-x</sub>(Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>x</sub> alloy coating, prepared via atomic layer deposition (ALD), on Li[Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>]O<sub>2</sub> (NMC) cathodes is developed that has increased electron conductivity and demonstrated an improved rate performance in comparison to uncoated NMC. A "co-pulsing" ALD technique was used which allows intimate and controlled ternary mixing of deposited film to obtain nanometer-thick mixed oxide coatings. Co-pulsing allows for independent control over film composition and thickness in contrast to separate sequential pulsing of the metal sources. (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>1-x</sub>(Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>x</sub> alloy coatings were demonstrated to improve the cycle life of the battery. Cycle tests show that increasing Al-content in alloy coatings increases capacity retention; whereas a mixture of compositions near (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub>(Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub> was found to produce the optimal rate performance.</p>