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Niemantsverdriet, Hans
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article
Characterization of polymer solar cells by TOF-SIMS depth profiling
Abstract
Solar cells consisting of polymer layers sandwiched between a transparent electrode on glass and a metal top electrode are studied using dynamic time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) in dual-beam mode. Because depth profiling of polymers and polymer-metal stacks is a relatively new field the craters were thoroughly studied by environmental SEM (ESEM), interferometry, surface profilometry and tapping mode AFM. A huge increase in crater bottom roughness was obsd. when starting from the aluminum top layer going in depth, resulting in a loss of depth resoln. layer-to-layer diffusion and contaminants at buried interfaces can be extd. from the depth profiles when taking into account the loss of depth resoln. [on SciFinder (R)]