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Albanis, V.
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article
Light-induced structural phase transition in confining gallium and its photonic applications
Abstract
<p>We report on a study of the dynamics of a recently discovered light-induced, surface-assisted, structural phase transition from a common orthorhombic phase of α-gallium to a highly reflective phase that occurs at temperatures just below the metal's bulk melting point (30°C). It is fully reversible with dynamics occurring on a nanosecond/microsecond time scale and can be stimulated by very low-intensity radiation, typically approx. 10<sup>-5</sup> W/μm<sup>2</sup>. The two gallium phases involved have significantly different optical properties and this difference gives rise to a gigantic optical nonlinearity, χ<sup>(3)</sup> approx. 1 esu, that offers tremendous new opportunities for controlling light with light. The microscopic model of the effect is discussed.</p>