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Ahmadian, Zahra
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article
Enhanced corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility by hierarchical hydroxyapatite/ciprofloxacin-calcium phosphate coating on nitrided NiTi alloy
Abstract
Multi-functional hierarchical coatings are deposited on the nitrided NiTi alloy. The nitrided layer is first deposited by nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation and a middle layer containing porous hydroxyapatite and ciprofloxacin (Cip) is produced before the top calcium phosphate coating is deposited by the sol-gel method. The thicknesses of the coating and nitrided intermediate layer are about 1.54 μm and 160 nm, respectively and Cip penetrates to a depth of about 530 nm. Calcium phosphate reduces surface defects resulting in a surface roughness of 17 ± 2 nm compared to 34 ± 5 nm of the porous hydroxyapatite coating. The corrosion resistance is improved due to reduced defects and localized corrosion as manifested by the decrease in the Ni<sup>2+</sup> release rate by 11.6% from 0.0198 to 0.0175 mg L<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>. The bacterial resistance against <i>E. coli</i> is also improved by about 88 times on account of Cip release and good biocompatibility is confirmed by proliferation of MC3T3 cells. This multi-functional hierarchical coating has large potential in orthopedic and dental applications.