• Onck, Patrick R.
• Mangipudi, K. R.
• Saane, S. S. R.
• Hosson, Jeff Th. M. De
• Loos, Katja U.

Abstract

<p>Recent experimental studies have shown that nanoporous metals undergo dimensional changes when a potential difference is applied in an electrochemical environment. The primary actuation mechanism is the electric-double layer charging of the internal surface in combination with a large surface-to-volume-ratio. To account for the excess charge we have developed an atomistic model that is calibrated to density functional theory. To make a scale transition from the atomistic to the continuum scale, we propose a surface layer model that is informed by atomistic simulations. We use this multiscale approach to study the charge-induced actuation response of ordered (cubic lattices and gyroids) and disordered nanoporous gold (npg) architectures. Results are presented in terms of the charge-induced actuation strain and work density as a function of relative density, ligament size and architectural morphology. The differences between ordered and disordered structures are critically addressed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>

Topics

• density
• impedance spectroscopy
• morphology
• surface
• theory
• simulation
• gold
• density functional theory
• gyroid