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Wang, Ziming
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article
Selection of Fe as a barrier for manufacturing low-cost MgB2 multifilament wires - Advanced microscopy study between Fe and B reaction
Abstract
<p>The high cost of using the niobium (Nb) barrier for manufacturing magnesium diboride (MgB<sub>2</sub>) mono-and multi-filamentary wires for large-scale applications has become one of the barriers to replacing current commercial niobium-titanium superconductors. The potential of replacing the Nb barrier with a low-cost iron (Fe) barrier for multifilament MgB<sub>2</sub> superconducting wires is investigated in this manuscript. Therefore, MgB<sub>2</sub> wires with Fe barrier sintered with different temperatures are studied (from 650 °C to 900 °C for 1 h) to investigate the non-superconducting reaction phase of Fe-B. Their superconducting performance including engineering critical current density (J<sub>e</sub>) and n-value are tested at 4.2 K in various external magnetic fields. The best sample sintered at 650 °C for 1 h has achieved a J<sub>e</sub> value of 3.64 × 10<sup>4</sup> A cm<sup>−2</sup> and an n-value of 61 in 2 T magnetic field due to the reduced formation of Fe<sub>2</sub>B, better grain connectivity and homogenous microstructure. For microstructural analysis, the focused ion beam (FIB) is utilised for the first time to acquire three-dimensional microstructures and elemental mappings of the interface between the Fe barrier and MgB<sub>2</sub> core of different wires. The results have shown that if the sintering temperature can be controlled properly, the J<sub>e</sub> and n-value of the wire are still acceptable for magnet applications. The formation of Fe<sub>2</sub>B is identified along the edge of MgB<sub>2</sub>, as the temperature increases, the content of Fe<sub>2</sub>B also increases which causes the degradation in the performance of wires.</p>