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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Kennedy, Jacob
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
Topics
Publications (9/9 displayed)
- 2024A new concept of inoculation by isomorphic refractory powders and its mechanism for grain refinement
- 2022β Grain refinement by yttrium addition in Ti-6Al-4V Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturingcitations
- 2022Optimising large-area crystal orientation mapping of nanoscale β phase in α + β titanium alloys using EBSDcitations
- 2022Optimising large-area crystal orientation mapping of nanoscale β phase in α + β titanium alloys using EBSDcitations
- 2021Preageing of Magnesium Alloyscitations
- 2021In-Situ Observation of Single Variant α Colony Formation in Ti-6Al-4Vcitations
- 2021The Potential for Grain Refinement of Wire-Arc Additive Manufactured (WAAM) Ti-6Al-4V by ZrN and TiN Inoculationcitations
- 2021Effect of deposition strategies on fatigue crack growth behaviour of wire + arc additive manufactured titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4Vcitations
- 2018Microsegregation Model Including Convection and Tip Undercooling: Application to Directional Solidification and Weldingcitations
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article
β Grain refinement by yttrium addition in Ti-6Al-4V Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing
Abstract
Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) of large near-net-shape titanium parts has the potential to reduce costs in aerospace applications. However, with titanium alloys, such as Ti-6Al-4V, conventional WAAM processing conditions generally result in epitaxial solidification from the melt pool fusion boundary, which over many layers can generate coarse cm-scale,<001>//ND fibre textured, columnar β grain structures within the deposited metal. The mechanical anisotropy caused by this coarse primary grain structure cannot be eliminated by subsequent solid-state phase transformations. In order to attempt to refine the size of the solidified β-grains and reduce their strong texture, the growth restriction efficiency of low addition levels of the strongly partitioning element (k = 0.1) yttrium (Y) has been investigated. Less than 0.8 wt.% Y was sufficient to reduce the widths of the solidified columnar β grains from 1 to 2 mm to 100–300 µm. Y was also found to induce a columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) in the latter stages of melt pool solidification, which benefits from a lower liquid thermal gradient and higher solidification velocity. Inter-dendritic segregation of Y was also found to be significant and oxygen scavenging led to the formation of Y2O3 particles in the inter-dendritic liquid, with a previously unreported irregular eutectic morphology. High-resolution EBSD analysis showed these particles exhibited specific orientation relationships with the solidified β grains, which were confirmed experimentally.