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Naji, M. |
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Motta, Antonella |
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Aletan, Dirar |
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Ali, M. A. |
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Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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Toshiyuki, Mori
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article
The diffusions and associated interfacial layer formation between thin film electrolyte and cermet anode in IT-SOFC
Abstract
Dense 20 at.% gadolinium-doped (20GDC) thin film electrolyte supported by Ni-20GDC cermet anode has been fabricated by electrophoretic deposition technique. The microstructure and spatial distribution of constituent elements of this half-cell sample have been characterized by a combination of various techniques. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) investigations, operated in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mode, illustrate that not only diffusion of metallic Ni from the anode into the electrolyte but also simultaneous counter-diffusion of Ce and Gd rare-earth cations from the electrolyte to the anode. Such mutual diffusion mainly occurs not only at the electrolyte-anode interface, but also occurs at the anode where Ni grains meet GDC grains. STEM high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) imaging detects grain boundary segregation phenomena and suggests that grain boundaries can provide another possible pathway for diffusing atoms/ions. These investigations help explain the formation of an electrolyte-anode interfacial layer in terms of the mutual diffusion and diffusion along grain boundaries, and raise awareness of such diffusions that take place even during the process of cell sample preparation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.