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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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Chatterjee, Kaushik
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Publications (3/3 displayed)
- 2022Anodization of medical grade stainless steel for improved corrosion resistance and nanostructure formation targeting biomedical applicationscitations
- 2022Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Zinc as a Degradable Metallic Biomaterialcitations
- 2021Enhanced biomechanical performance of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V bone platescitations
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article
Anodization of medical grade stainless steel for improved corrosion resistance and nanostructure formation targeting biomedical applications
Abstract
<p>Stainless steel isextensively used in various biomedical engineering and hospitalapplications, including surgical equipment and furniture. Strongadhesion of bacteria and viruses on metal surfaces can restrictlong-term utilization for biomedical applications. This study aims todevelop an improved electrochemical etching protocol for the anodizationof 316 L grade stainless steel (10 × 15 mm) to fabricate nanostructures for biomedical and hospital applications. Anodizing conditions were optimized using two different electrolyte solutions; HNO<sub>3</sub>: H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (1:1) and HNO<sub>3</sub>,by varying applied potential, electrolyte concentration and anodizingtime. Morphology and topography of the anodized surfaces werecharacterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy(SKPFM). AC and DC electrochemical techniques were used to furthercharacterize the corrosion behaviour of the nanostructured surfaces.Electrochemical optimization produced two different nanostructuredsurfaces with the anodizing conditions of (1) 50% HNO<sub>3</sub> at 0.465 A/cm<sup>2</sup> for 1 min (surface 1), and (2) 0.5 M HNO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (1:1) at 0.366 A/cm<sup>2</sup> for 5 min (surface 2). Both processes produced nanoscale surface roughness with varying corrosion susceptibility. Surfaces anodized using 50% HNO<sub>3</sub>comprised of ‘hierarchical roughness’ with dense spikes (10 – 20 nm indiameter), covering rock candy-like protrusion (10 - 15 µm diameter).Whereas the second set of conditions produced single scale roughnesswith a terrace-like topography with nanoscale ridges of 34.8 ± 1.2 nm inwidth atop microscale hills. Surface 2 possessed improved corrosion resistancethrough the formation an oxide film, while the surface 1 was moresusceptible to corrosion. Overall, this study demonstrates theimportance of the careful optimization of electrochemical surface treatment for medical grade stainless steel in terms of roughness of nanostructures and corrosion susceptibility.</p>