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| Naji, M. |
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| Motta, Antonella |
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| Aletan, Dirar |
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| Mohamed, Tarek |
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| Ertürk, Emre |
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| Taccardi, Nicola |
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| Kononenko, Denys |
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| Petrov, R. H. | Madrid |
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| Alshaaer, Mazen | Brussels |
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| Bih, L. |
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| Casati, R. |
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| Muller, Hermance |
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| Kočí, Jan | Prague |
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| Šuljagić, Marija |
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| Kalteremidou, Kalliopi-Artemi | Brussels |
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| Azam, Siraj |
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| Ospanova, Alyiya |
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| Blanpain, Bart |
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| Ali, M. A. |
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| Popa, V. |
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| Rančić, M. |
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| Ollier, Nadège |
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| Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro |
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| Landes, Michael |
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| Rignanese, Gian-Marco |
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De Goey, Philip
in Cooperation with on an Cooperation-Score of 37%
Topics
Publications (25/25 displayed)
- 2024Iron powder particles as a clean and sustainable carriercitations
- 2024Cyclic reduction of combusted iron powdercitations
- 2024Towards an efficient metal energy carrier for zero–emission heating and power:Iron powder combustioncitations
- 2024Towards an efficient metal energy carrier for zero–emission heating and powercitations
- 2024The Heat Flux Method for hybrid iron–methane–air flamescitations
- 2024Thermoacoustic stability analysis and robust design of burner-deck-anchored flames using flame transfer function composition
- 2024Cyclic reduction of combusted iron powder:A study on the material properties and conversion reaction in the iron fuel cyclecitations
- 2024Iron powder particles as a clean and sustainable carrier:Investigating their impact on thermal outputcitations
- 2024Experimental and Statistical Analysis of Iron Powder for Green Heat Productioncitations
- 2024A numerical study of emission control strategies in an iron powder burnercitations
- 2023Particle Equilibrium Composition model for iron dust combustioncitations
- 2023Experimental Research On Iron Combustion At Eindhoven University of Technology
- 2023Experimental Research On Iron Combustion At Eindhoven University of Technology
- 2023The Heat Flux Method adapted for hybrid iron-methane-air flames
- 2023Characterising Iron Powder Combustion using an Inverted Bunsen Flame
- 2023Characterising Iron Powder Combustion using an Inverted Bunsen Flame
- 2023Burning Velocity Measurements for Flat Hybrid Iron-Methane-Air Flames
- 2023Size evolution during laser-ignited single iron particle combustioncitations
- 2022Phase transformations and microstructure evolution during combustion of iron powdercitations
- 2022Laminar burning velocity of hybrid methane-iron-air flames
- 2021Burn time and combustion regime of laser-ignited single iron particlecitations
- 2014On hydrogen addition effects in turbulent combustion using the Flamelet Generated Manifold technique
- 2011Gasoline port fuel injection on a heavy-duty diesel engine
- 2009Visualization of biomass pyrolysis and temperature imaging in a heated-grid reactorcitations
- 2008Reverse combustion : kinetically controlled and mass transfer controlled front structurescitations
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article
The Heat Flux Method for hybrid iron–methane–air flames
Abstract
<p>Recently, a cyclic energy storage concept was proposed involving the use of metal powder as CO<sub>2</sub>-free energy carrier, known as the metal fuel cycle. In this cycle, the burning of iron powder is considered as the discharge agent of the energy carrier. However, for this cycle to be an efficient one, a better understanding of the laminar burning velocity of iron powder is required. This study presents a newly developed burner based on the Heat Flux Method (HFM), which can measure the burning velocities of flat hybrid iron–methane–air flames. Since laminar iron flames are difficult to stabilize and have – even for micron-sized particles – burning velocities in close proximity to their terminal velocity, methane is used as a stabilizing agent. In this paper, the design of the new burner system is presented with results for burning velocities of iron–methane–air flames. The results show a steady decrease in burning velocity when iron is added to a stoichiometric methane–air flame down to 16 cm/s. It is hypothesized that in the case of relatively low iron concentrations, the iron acts as a heat sink within these flames, consequently reducing the flame temperature and laminar burning velocity. For these low concentrations, methane is the governing fuel. At concentrations above 250 g/m<sup>3</sup>, the reduction of the burning velocity comes to a halt, and the iron becomes the governing fuel in the flame. A comprehensive error analysis reveals that the primary sources of uncertainty stem from fluctuations in the iron content and parabolic fitting of the thermocouple measurements in the HFM. Novelty and Significance statement The novelty of this study is a newly developed burner based on the well-known Heat Flux Method (HFM). In accordance with the HFM, a new burner was designed to facilitate stable flat adiabatic hybrid iron–methane–air flames for the first time and measure its key parameter, the adiabatic burning velocity. Further, a metered iron powder dispersion system was developed for accurate iron mass flow measurements. The results show a steady decrease in burning velocity when iron is added to a stoichiometric methane–air flame in relatively low concentrations and show a very weak dependence of the burning velocity on the iron content at iron concentrations above 250 g/m<sup>3</sup>. These findings enable the validation of 1D simulations for iron-laden flames. A detailed assessment of the measurement uncertainties reveals that the largest source of uncertainty can be derived back to the stability of iron mass flow, leading to small flame propagation fluctuations on relatively short intervals.</p>