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Masuda, Zen
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article
Tunneling effect in a polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposite strain sensor
Abstract
A strain sensor has been fabricated from a polymer nanocomposite with multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) fillers. The piezoresistivityof this nanocomposite strain sensor has been investigated based on an improved three-dimensional (3D) statistical resistor networkmodel incorporating the tunneling effect between the neighboring carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and a fiber reorientation model. Thenumerical results agree very well with the experimental measurements. As compared with traditional strain gauges, much higher sensitivitycan be obtained in the nanocomposite sensors when the volume fraction of CNT is close to the percolation threshold. For a smallCNT volume fraction, weak nonlinear piezoresistivity is observed both experimentally and from numerical simulation. The tunnelingeffect is considered to be the principal mechanism of the sensor under small strains.