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Burger, Juergen
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article
In-vitro effects of novel periodontal scalers with a planar ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer on periodontal biofilm removal, dentine surface roughness, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts adhesion
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>To compare ultrasonic scaler prototypes based on a planar piezoelectric transducer with different working frequencies featuring a titanium (Ti-20, Ti-28, and Ti-40) or stainless steel (SS-28) instrument, with a commercially available scaler (com-29) in terms of biofilm removal and reformation, dentine surface roughness and adhesion of periodontal fibroblasts.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods</jats:title><jats:p>A periodontal multi-species biofilm was formed on specimens with dentine slices. Thereafter specimens were instrumented with scalers in a periodontal pocket model or left untreated (control). The remaining biofilms were quantified and allowed to reform on instrumented dentine slices. In addition, fibroblasts were seeded for attachment evaluation after 72 h of incubation. Dentine surface roughness was analyzed before and after instrumentation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>All tested instruments reduced the colony-forming unit (cfu) counts by about 3 to 4 log<jats:sub>10</jats:sub> and the biofilm quantity (each <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.01 vs. control), but with no statistically significant difference between the instrumented groups. After 24-hour biofilm reformation, no differences in cfu counts were observed between any groups, but the biofilm quantity was about 50% in all instrumented groups compared to the control. The attachment of fibroblasts on instrumented dentine was significantly higher than on untreated dentine (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05), with the exception of Ti-20. The dentine surface roughness was not affected by any instrumentation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The planar piezoelectric scaler prototypes are able to efficiently remove biofilm without dentine surface alterations, regardless of the operating frequency or instrument material.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical relevance</jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasonic scalers based on a planar piezoelectric transducer might be an alternative to currently available ultrasonic scalers.</jats:p></jats:sec>