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Irrgeher, Johanna
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article
Low-level Ca-40 determinations using nitrous oxide with reaction cell inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract
<p>In inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the most abundant Ca isotope (<sup>40</sup>Ca) suffers from isobaric interference with argon, hindering the potential for low detection limits of Ca. A powerful approach is to remove the interference by using a reaction gas in a reaction cell. Ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) has proven to be an effective reaction gas by process of a charge transfer reaction. However, NH<sub>3</sub> is highly corrosive and toxic and cannot remove isobaric<sup>40</sup> K. Therefore, this work proposes the use of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) to mass shift the target analyte<sup>40</sup>Ca to<sup>40</sup>Ca<sup>16</sup>O<sup>+</sup> as a non-corrosive and non-toxic alternative. Instrument performance testing demonstrated that N<sub>2</sub>O was capable of reaching equivalent detection limits (0.015 ng g<sup>−1</sup>) and background equivalence concentrations (0.041 ng g<sup>−1</sup>) to that of NH<sub>3</sub> and limited by the blank only. Further investigation of matrix interferences with synthetic standards highlighted that the N<sub>2</sub>O approach supports the separation of potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg)–based interferences at tested concentrations of more than 600 times and almost 800 times higher than Ca respectively, whereas NH<sub>3</sub> was found to only support the removal of Mg. This work highlights a clear advantage of N<sub>2</sub>O for low-level Ca determinations with high matrix loads, as well as compatibility with other instrumentation sensitive to corrosion that supports reaction cell technology. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].</p>