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Raju, Goli Naga
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article
The Influence of Silver Ions on the Dielectric Dispersion Dipolar Relaxation Dynamics and Dielectric Breakdown Strength of Zinc Selenium Phosphate Glass System
Abstract
<jats:p>Herein, a study on the dielectric properties of ZnO–P<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>–SeO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> glass ceramics containing varied contents of Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O is presented. Structural analysis of the samples by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and optical absorption techniques indicated that the glasses are embedded with Ag<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>PO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>, Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>SeO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, and Zn<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> anisotropic crystal phases along with Ag<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions and Ag<jats:sup>0</jats:sup> particles. Dielectric properties, ac conductivity <jats:italic>(σ</jats:italic><jats:sub>ac</jats:sub>), and dielectric breakdown strength (DBS) are investigated as functions of Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O concentration. The results show the maximal concentration of Ag<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ions and Ag<jats:sup>0</jats:sup> metallic particles in the sample containing 0.6 mol% of Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O. Dielectric parameters and <jats:italic>(σ</jats:italic><jats:sub>ac</jats:sub>) increase with increasing Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O up to 0.6 mol%, while the DBS and electrical impedance decrease. The observed dipolar effects are quantitatively analyzed and possible dipoles are identified. Ionic contribution is predominant up to 0.6 mol% of Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O, beyond which the polaronic tunneling phenomenon prevails. These findings indicate that 0.6 mol% of Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O is the optimal concentration for using these glass ceramics as solid electrolytes in ionic batteries. Moreover, glass ceramics containing Ag<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O beyond 0.6 mol% have exhibited larger polaronic conductivity, hence such glasses can be considered suitable candidates for electrodes in ionic batteries.</jats:p>