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Pauloehrl, Thomas
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article
Preparation of reactive three-dimensional microstructures via direct laser writing and thiol-ene chemistry
Abstract
Three-dimensional microstructures are fabricated employing the direct laser writing process and radical thiol-ene polymerization. The resin system consists of a two-photon photoinitiator and multifunctional thiols and olefins. Woodpile photonic crystals with 22 layers and a rod distance of 2 μm are fabricated. The structures are characterized via scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam milling. The thiol-ene polymerization during fabrication is verified via infrared spectroscopy. The structures are grafted in a subsequent thiol-Michael addition reaction with different functional maleimides. The success of the grafting reaction is evaluated via laser scanning microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The grafting density is calculated to be close to 200 molecules μm-2. Reactive 3D microstructures are fabricated by two-photon direct laser writing of a tetra-functional thiol with a tetra-functional allyl ether via radical thiol-ene polymerization, expressing residual thiol functionalities on the surface of the structure. These functionalities can be readily addressed by thiol-Michael addition reactions, evidenced by fluorescence microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.