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| Golias, Evangelos | Lund |
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| Vippola, Minnamari | Tampere |
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| Kpemou, A. M. |
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| Kojouri, Ali Shivaie |
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Shivaie Koujouri, Ali
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conferencepaper
Investigating the mode-I failure behaviour of thick adhesive joints using a coupled computational/experimental approach
Abstract
Wind turbine blades are manufactured by molding them in two halves and joining them using thick adhesive joints. The failure of these adhesive joints, particularly in the trailing edge of the blades, compromises the structural integrity of the wind turbine. Therefore, comprehending the mechanisms of failure in adhesive joints is critical to designing wind turbine blades efficiently. For this purpose, the present study proposes a novel approach that integrates computational and experimental methods to enhance the overall understanding of the factors that influence the failure of thick adhesive joints. The experimental specimens consist of two cross-ply glass fibre composite laminates bonded with a ~10 mm thick layer of an epoxy-based adhesive. The specimens are cured at 70°C. After curing, a pre-crack is generated within the adhesive layers of each specimen. The specimen is subjected to Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) tests at room temperature to induce mode I failure. The load-displacement curves of the DCB specimens are obtained. The strain in the adhesive layer is determined using the Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Finite Element (FE) models of the DCB specimens having virtually generated pre-cracks are created to predict the experimental load-displacement curves. So far, most researchers have employed the cohesive zone model for the adhesive in such numerical studies. However, epoxy-based adhesives typically exhibit plastic deformation. Hence, the Drucker-Prager plasticity criteria are utilised to model the mechanical response of the adhesive. Also, it is crucial to assess the influence of thermal residual stresses that arise from the thermal mismatch between composites and adhesives, an aspect that has not been adequately addressed in the literature. Thus, appropriate thermal expansion coefficients are assigned to both composites and adhesives. Furthermore, a cool-down is simulated before mechanical loads to mimic the temperature transition from curing to room temperature. A very good agreement is observed between the experimental and numerical results. A satisfying correlation is also observed between the FE analysis and the DIC, further verifying the effectiveness of the proposed modelling strategy.