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article
Optimization of the Activated Carbon Synthesis of Peanut Shells, Applying Surface Methodology
Abstract
This study highlightspossible optimization procedures to influence on the process of the preparation of the activated carbons. Various factors such as the calcination temperature, the concentration of the activating agent and the residence time in the furnace have a significantrole.Peanut shells were used as a precursor for the preparation of activated carbon by chemical activation with potash (KOH).The Centralcomposite design was used to correlate the two experimental responses obtained to the iodine number and the yield. The determination of significant factors was identified by analysis of variance (ANOVA), using t-test, Pareto diagram and surface diagram.A pyrolysis temperature of 450°C, combined with a concentration of the activating agent at 0.3mol/Land duration of calcination of 3h generated the best activated carbons in terms of iodine number of a maximum value of 1075.57 mg/g.The best activated carbon in yield was obtained at 525oC, associated with 0.45mol/L and at 3h, for an optimal value of 75.62%by mass.Crude biomass and activated carbon, with the best iodine number, were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).